Purnell Model

The current healthcare system is facing a significant cultural challenge due to diversity in race, gender, religion, and ethnicity within the population (Nair & Adetayo, 2019). This further creates the need to improve cultural competency among care providers. The Purnell model is one of the models adopted in developing cultural competency and providing culturally sensitive care. This paper discusses the application of culturally sensitive care within healthcare, the theory and organizational framework of the Purnell Model, the model’s 12 domains and their relevance in transcultural healthcare, and the application of the model to become a culturally competent health provider.

Culturally Sensitive Care and Its Application within Health Care

The cultural diversity in current patient populations requires healthcare providers to possess competencies that enable them to provide culturally sensitive healthcare services that meet the needs of each individual. Cultural sensitivity embraces the different cultural views that exist within patient populations. It supports the development of healthcare interventions sensitive to the cultural domains and processes that affect an individual’s health (Tramonti et al., 2021). The provision of culturally sensitive care highly considers the current diversity and embraces the cultural differences due to the diversity (Boyd et al., 2022). Therefore, applying culturally sensitive care within health care enables nurses and other health professionals to provide person- and patient-centered care. Further, culturally sensitive care improves patient satisfaction with the care received and positively impacts the care outcomes.

Theory and Organizational Framework of the Purnell Model

The Purnell Model was developed after recognizing the need to have a tool to improve cultural sensitivity among nurses and physicians in their daily practice. The model is organized in five circles. The circles present the 12 constructs that influence culture and the various aspects of the culture, which include the modern globalized society, the community, the family, and the person (Albougami, 2016).

The outermost circle is the broader aspect of culture in the global society. The next circle is the community aspect. The third circle is the family, while the fourth circle presents the person. The innermost circle of the Purnell Model shows the 12 constructs that influence culture (Purnell, 2002). According to the model, acquiring cultural competence is a process. Nurses and physicians must achieve unconscious and conscious competence to be culturally competent. This includes understanding and appreciating the differences in the various aspects of culture, such as religion, ethnicity, race, family background, and other elements, such as political affiliations and physical appearance.

Relevance of the Purnell Model to Transcultural Health Care

The Purnell Model is very relevant in transcultural health care. The model focuses on the various aspects of culture and how they influence relationships and collaboration in health care. The model provides approaches in which healthcare providers can consider the different cultural views in developing care plans for patients at an individual level. Providing adequate care services in multicultural settings requires an appreciation of cultural differences and how such differences in cultural views influence health and care outcomes. According to Ray (2016), transcultural caring in health care involves applying aspects of self-reflection, which enables nurses and physicians to better understand themselves as cultural beings, allowing them to understand differences in sociocultural experiences better. This understanding significantly influences their ability to provide adequate healthcare services even in cross- and multicultural settings. Therefore, the Purnell Model can help healthcare practitioners develop cultural competence to provide culturally sensitive care in multicultural healthcare systems.

Purnell’s 12 Domains of Culture and Their Role in the Diversity of Health Care

The Purnell Model has 12 domains of culture. These include heritage, communication, family roles and organization, workforce issues, bicultural ecology, high-risk behaviors, nutrition, pregnancy and childbearing, death rituals, spirituality, healthcare practices, and healthcare practitioner domains. These domains are interrelated and influence each other to impact the definition of diversity in health care. There is visible cultural, gender, and ethnic underrepresentation at all levels of current health care, including training, practice, and leadership (Nair & Adetayo, 2019). Employing each of the domains of culture can help highlight the cultural disparities at all levels of health care and in the delivery of care services within a diverse population. Therefore, the domains of the Purnell Model can help develop various strategies that can help achieve diversity in health care.

Application of Purnell’s Model to become a More Culturally Competent Health Care Provider

The Purnell Model can help develop cultural competence in providing health care services as a nurse practitioner (NP). Cultural competence means effectively collaborating and interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds(Nair & Adetayo, 2019). Being an NP means working with people and patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Through its 12 domains and the various levels of understanding of culture, society, the community, the family, and the person, the model can help me understand and appreciate the differences in views of social issues, health, and the care provided. Through these, the NP can develop effective health care plans and interventions that are sensitive to the individual patient and are flexible and responsive to the dynamic nature of culture.

In conclusion, the Purnell model is critical to developing a culturally sensitive healthcare workforce. Cultural competence supports the provision of diverse patient populations. Conclusively, culturally sensitive care impacts the effectiveness of care and patient and provider experiences.

 References

Albougami, A. S. (2016). Comparison of Four Cultural Competence Models in Transcultural Nursing: A Discussion Paper. International Archives of Nursing and Health Care, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5823/1510053

Boyd, J. E., Ouellette, M. J., Puccinelli, C., & McCabe, R. E. (2022). Case Formulation, Behavior Analysis, and Diagnostic Interviews. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00197-7

Nair, L., & Adetayo, O. A. (2019). Cultural Competence and Ethnic Diversity in Healthcare. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, 7(5), E2219. https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000002219

Purnell, L. (2002). The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence. Journal of Transcultural Nursing?: Official Journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society, 13(3), 193–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003006

Ray, M. A. (2016). Transcultural Caring Dynamics in Nursing and Health Care (2nd ed.). F.A Davis Company.

Tramonti, F., Giorgi, F., & Fanali, A. (2021). Systems thinking and the biopsychosocial approach: a multilevel framework for patient-centered care. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 38(2), 215–230. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/sres.2725

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Assessment Description

Diversity has a significant influence on health care. Studying transcultural health care helps health professionals understand different cultures to provide holistic and individualized health care. Review the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence, including the theory, framework, and 12 domains. Write a 750-1,000-word paper exploring the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence. Include the following:

Purnell Model

1. Explain culturally sensitive care and its application within health care.
2. Explain the theory and organizational framework of the Purnell Model and discuss its relevance to transcultural health care.
3. Describe Purnell’s 12 domains of culture, and assess how each of these domains plays an active role in the diversity of health care in your specific field.
4. Discuss how this model can be applied when working with different cultures to become a more culturally competent healthcare provider.
5. Cite at least three references, including the course textbook.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines in the APA Style Guide in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric before beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. For assistance, a link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is in Class Resources.

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency:

BS Health Sciences

1.1 Explain culturally sensitive care and its application within health care.