Nursing Framework

Knowledge, as a component of the socio-cultural orientation basic condition factor, enhances the prevention of hazards and is encompassed in the framework of the Self Care Nursing Deficit Theory that was developed by Dorothea Orem. In her theory, Orem assumes that individuals should be able to rely solely on themselves and have the ability to provide care for themselves as well as care for others within the family unit (Younas, 2017). Another assumption is that an individual’s level of insight into possible health complications is essential in the promotion of self-care tendencies.

Dr. Jacqueline Fawcett, one of the most influential individuals in the nursing field, is keen on encouraging nursing students to be curious regarding the knowledge behind their practice. She is recognized globally for her contribution to developing nursing models and theories that are key in enabling practice and research in the field of nursing. She defined nursing knowledge as “Knowledge as a component of the socio-cultural orientation basic condition factor enhances the prevention of hazards,” comprising five components; metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual model, theory, and empirical indicator (Deliktas et al., 2019).

The use of loose throw rugs or carpets with curled edges is a great fall hazard, especially in areas with elderly individuals (Yonge et al., 2017). Educating the people in charge of a nursing home on the dangers posed by the use of loose-throw rugs would go a long way in reducing the incidences of people who fall and consequently experience unintentional injuries. Conducting an analysis of elderly individuals from one nursing home treated in the emergency department of various hospitals following an unintentional fall resulting from the above rugs and carpets is one way of assessing the risk posed (Blanchet et al., 2018). Comparing this data with that of another nursing home that does not use the said rugs and carpets is key in establishing the unsafety of the loose throw rugs and carpets.  Education about the dangers posed will play a major part in greatly reducing and preventing falls.

References.

Blanchet, R., & Edwards, N. (2018). A need to improve the assessment of environmental hazards for falls on stairs and in bathrooms: results of a scoping review. BMC geriatrics, 18(1), 1-16.

Deliktas, A., Korukcu, O., Aydin, R., & Kabukcuoglu, K. (2019). Nursing students’ perceptions of nursing metaparadigms: A phenomenological study. The Journal of Nursing Research, 27(5), e45.

Yonge, A. V., Swenor, B. K., Miller, R., Goldhammer, V., West, S. K., Friedman, D. S., & Ramulu, P. Y. (2017). Quantifying fall-related hazards in the homes of persons with glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 124(4), 562-571.

Younas, A. (2017). A foundational analysis of Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory and evaluation of its significance for nursing practice and research. Creative Nursing, 23(1), 13-23.

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In the lecture for the week, a theory was identified. “Knowledge as a component of the socio-cultural orientation basic conditioning factor enhances the prevention of hazards” is a theory from a major nursing framework. Identify the framework and provide an example of how other applications of this theory may occur in nursing practice. For example, you may say that education may enhance the reduction of free-throw rugs in an elderly person’s home, which will prevent falls. Tie the concepts together by clearly defining them and how they could be measured. Find an instrument, survey, or tool in the literature that could be used to measure the concept. For example, if you are measuring pain, you might use the Faces Pain Scale-Revised at the following link: https://www.iasp-pain.org/Education/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1519

Nursing Framework

It is impossible to fully explain nursing theory without referencing Jacqueline Fawcett at some point in the discussion. Dr. Fawcett has contributed significantly to the science of nursing through the development of the Metaparadigm of Nursing, the identification of five components of nursing knowledge, and extensive study and explanation of nursing theory. In 2005, Fawcett placed nursing knowledge components into a structural holarchy of

Metaparadigm
Philosophy
Conceptual Model
Theory
Empirical Indicator
This holarchy does not apply to just nursing knowledge but to the knowledge of any discipline. Philosophies are world views of a discipline. While this level is an extensive thread guiding conceptual models, it is rarely expressed in research. This week will concentrate on conceptual models and theories. Think of conceptual models as a framework with concepts clearly identified and general principles of their relationships expressed. A theory is a very specific relationship between concepts within the model. The readings for this week go into theories, grand theories, and frameworks in detail. We will explore the Metaparadigm of Nursing in a later module.

The end purpose of theory is to guide practice and research. In order to conduct research, variables are used to statistically compare concepts. Empirical Indicators are variables that very precisely measure concepts. For example, if your theory states, “knowledge as a component of sociocultural orientation basic conditioning factor enhances prevention of hazards,” how will you measure research on this theory? Empirical indicators specifically relate theory to research questions. In this case, your research may be comparing scores on a child passenger safety questionnaire with the number of errors in the installation of a vehicle child safety restraint. The score on the questionnaire and the number of errors are very clearly measurable indicators. The proposition is that higher scores on the questionnaire will correlate with fewer errors in restraint installation. If this is found to be true, then there is support for the theory that “knowledge as a component of sociocultural orientation basic conditioning factor enhances prevention of hazards”.