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With three large deserts, a considerable portion of Australias interior regions comprises the outback. These areas have little to no rainfall due to the desert and semi-arid conditions. The land primarily consists of scrublands and rough vegetation (Nijman et al., 2018). Consequently, these areas are sparsely populated, but several Aboriginal communities live there, especially in the Northern Territory. The central population regions are located in areas with type C (temperate climate).

China uses a nine-dash line shaped like a U drawn on a map by a Chinese geographer to claim ownership of approximately 90% of the South China Sea (Nijman et al., 2018). According to the UNCLOS laws of the sea, any country bordering an ocean was given a maximum limit (twelve nautical miles) of the sea that they could claim territory. Accordingly, Chinas nine-dash claim massively exceeds this rule. The environment should be divided among the conflicting countries according to the 12 nautical miles law. Any other left sea regions should be deemed international water, as is appropriate.

Marshall Islanders are immigrating to the U.S. because of climate change. The ocean levels continue rising, and the islands experience flooding and storms as they slowly sink (Marshall Islands: A third of the nation has left for the U.S., 2018). Marshall Islanders immigrated easily to America because they were granted special status through the Compact of Free Association (COFA). Several Equatorial Pacific islands, including Marshal Island, were used by America for various reasons, including testing weapons. As compensation, these islands were granted the COFA, enabling them to move to America quickly. Other reasons for moving out of Marshal Island include poor health care and unemployment.

King tides are exceptionally high tides caused by gravitational forces, the sun and moon, or global warming. The Kiribati government is relocating its citizens to other countries like New Zealand and Australia (Kiribati: The Sinking Islands Being Destroyed By Climate Change | AJ+ Docs, 2014). Problems in Kiribati include the sinking of the island. The high tides swallow up the buildings, forcing people to migrate and causing overcrowding. Lastly, there is pollution as the high tides dump garbage on the beaches. Kiribati is a low island because it has no high elevations resembling mountains or volcanic rocks.

References

Kiribati: The Sinking Islands Being Destroyed By Climate Change | AJ+ Docs. (2014). Retrieved 21 April 2022, from Youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9P7jXveokDY.

Marshall Islands: A third of the nation has left for the U.S. (2018). R etrieved 21 April 2020 from Youtube.com. https://youtube.com/watch?v=ZB8s_Yqp3ko

Nijman, J., Muller, P. O., & De Blij, H. J. (2017). Geography: Realms, regions, and concepts. John Wiley & Sons.

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Question

Much like the East Asia assignment a few weeks ago, for this one, youll use a few maps and watch a few videos to answer the questions. Book: Yuzu Reader: Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts

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Figure 12-2 (p. 467)shows Australias population distribution. Describe the general pattern of Australias population distribution and explain why the population is distributed in this way. (2 points)

Figure 11-10/Box11-7 (p. 443) shows the contested claims in the South China Sea. Chinas claims are indicated by the red Nine-Dashed Line. Using what you learned in this chapter about UNCLOS and EEZs, are Chinas claims in the South China Sea legal? Explain. How should this maritime territory be divided? (2 points)

According to the video below, why do many Marshall Islanders migrate to the U.S.? Also, please explain why the U.S. grants Marshall Islanders a special status that allows them to come to the U.S. quickly. What are some push factors involved in this move engaged in this move er? This term was introduced in the Middle America module.) (3 points)

The next video focuses on the issue of rising sea levels on the islands of Kiribati. Answer these questions from the video (3 points)

What is a king tide?
How is the government preparing for a future in which relocation of most of the population is necessary?
What countries will most Kiribati people move to?
In the meantime, what problems have surfaced on the capital island?
Would you guess that Kiribati is made up of high islands or low islands? Explain your answer.

Geography

Internal Migration Arizona

Arizona is ranked as one of the states whose population is growing fast nationally. Over the past five years, the states population grew by over a quarter million. Much of this growth is concentrated within Phoenix. The growth comes in the backdrop of a 2020 census, which shows that Phoenix is experiencing strong economic growth. A report from the 2020 data shows that between 2010 and 2020, the states population increased by 163,000 people, becoming the first growing city in the US. These statistics show a trend where more people are migrating from other states to leverage opportunities arising from the expansion of Phoenix City.

Domestic migration is the number one contributing factor to Arizonas population growth. The state became the third largest recipient of people migrating domestically after Florida and Texas (Rex, 2016). The latest figures show that about 93,000 people migrated to the state from other domestic destinations. These figures show that the state is experiencing a net population gain.

Many of the people moving into Arizona originally come from California. The state of California accounted for 22.6% of the total number of people who moved to Arizona from other states. Exhibits also show that many migrants to Arizona came from the West and Midwest states (Greiner, 2018). The states of the South region also sent a good number of migrants to Arizona. However, the Northeast region represents the lowest number of migrants who moved to Arizona within the five-year period (2015-2019). Specifically, migrants from Vermont and the District of Columbia constituted the least number of people moving into Arizona from other states within the US.

The factors contributing to the movement to Arizona include home closure crises. African American households lost their homes to subprime loans, hence deciding to move to Arizona to take advantage of the states relatively affordable homes (Greiner, 2018). Also, Arizona is home to some of the USs largest ranches. These ranches have been sold to parties interested in residential development. Arizona tends to favor low-income residents over other states with opportunities similar to those in Arizona.

The increasing immigration to Arizona has serious environmental and economic impacts. As more people settle in the state, more buildings are coming up. Most of these buildings use cement and asphalt materials, which take longer to cool off (Greiner, 2018). People have to rely on air conditioning since trees are on the decline. Since air conditioning runs longer, residents will spend more on energy costs. On the other hand, the influx of people into Arizona continues to trigger inflation. Although the states current inflation rate tallies with the national average, the in-migration is causing home prices to rise.

I have lived in Arizona since the place is good, and I have no reason to migrate out of the state. Arizona is known for its affordable cost of living and affordable housing. Besides, Arizona has more job opportunities than other US states. With a job growth rate that is double the national figure, I do not see a reason why I would migrate from Arizona. In addition, the sunny climate in Arizona has kept me there. Also, since the state is sunnier than other states characterized by long winters, I do not see myself moving out of the state soon.

References

Greiner, A. L. (2018). Visualizing Human Geography: At Home In A Diverse World. Wiley.

Rex, T. (2016). MIGRATION TO AND FROM ARIZONA: A Report from the Office of the University Economist. https://ccpr.wpcarey.asu.edu/sites/default/files/migration05-16.pdf.

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Question

Internal Migration Arizona

We discussed in the unit lesson that most migration is internal, and there are three main reasons why people move internally in their country: age, employment, and a locations physical environment. Write a two-page essay about the impact of internal migration on your state or a state where you previously resided.

How has the population changed in your state over the past 5 years?
Is your state gaining or losing residents?
Where are the residents mainly coming from or going to?
What are the push-pull factors accounting for the population changes?
What economic and environmental impacts are the population changes having in your state?
Conclude the essay with a section discussing your own internal migration story. Have you moved within or between states? What were the push and pull factors relating to your move or moves? If you have not moved, please list some factors that have kept you from moving.

Note: If you reside outside the United States, you can either discuss any U.S. state where you previously lived or discuss your current location

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References